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Scientists 'Accidentally' Discovered How To Turn Humid Air Into Electricity

July 14, 2023

Researchers have stumbled upon an accidental breakthrough that could revolutionize the field of renewable energy.

By harnessing the power of humid air, scientists have discovered a novel method to generate sustainable electricity.

The journey towards renewable energy sources has taken a significant leap forward, thanks to a fortuitous accident that occurred during a scientific experiment at the University of Massachusetts Amherst.

"To be frank, it was an accident," says the study's lead author, Prof Jun Yao. "We were actually interested in making a simple sensor for humidity in the air. But for whatever reason, the student who was working on that forgot to plug in the power."

The sensor, comprised of protein nanowires grown from Geobacter, produced a very small electrical signal.

"I saw that when the nanowires were contacted with electrodes in a specific way the devices generated a current. I found that that exposure to atmospheric humidity was essential and that protein nanowires adsorbed water, producing a voltage gradient across the device," said Xiaomeng Liu, a Ph.D. student in Yao's lab.

Yao went on to explain it this way:

"The air contains an enormous amount of electricity. Think of a cloud, which is nothing more than a mass of water droplets. Each of those droplets contains a charge, and when conditions are right, the cloud can produce a lightning bolt—but we don't know how to reliably capture electricity from lightning. What we've done is to create a human-built, small-scale cloud that produces electricity for us predictably and continuously so that we can harvest it."

Yao and his team discovered that any kind of material can harvest electricity from air as long as it has a certain property.

"It needs to have holes smaller than 100 nanometers (nm), or less than a thousandth of the width of a human hair," he said.

Scientists are currently experimenting with new harvesters made from materials filled with nanopores smaller than 100 nm. The newest device they have come up with is about one-fifth the width of a human hair – enough to light a single pixel on a large LED screen. However, Yao says these devices can be stacked on top of one another to create more power.

"The beauty is that the air is everywhere," says Yao. "Even though a thin sheet of the device gives out a very tiny amount of electricity or power, in principle, we can stack multiple layers in vertical space to increase the power."

And since humidity is ever-present, the harvester would run 24/7, rain or shine, at night and whether or not the wind blows, which solves one of the major problems of technologies like wind or solar, which only work under certain conditions.

While this discovery is undoubtedly exciting, it is important to note that further research and development are necessary before large-scale implementation becomes feasible. Scientists are diligently working to optimize the materials, enhance efficiency, and explore potential applications in various environments.

Sources: Wiley Online Library